Men who have sex with men (MSM) comprise a diverse group of individuals engaging in sexual activity with other men, irrespective of self-identified sexual orientation. This inclusive definition is fundamental to effective public health strategies, ensuring outreach to all at-risk individuals. The categorization of MSM as a “key population” underscores their disproportionate vulnerability to critical health challenges, notably HIV, sexually transmitted infections (STIs), and other health disparities stemming from social and systemic inequities.
MSMs encounter a complex web of obstacles, including pervasive stigma, discrimination, and human rights violations within both public and healthcare spheres. These barriers manifest as mental health challenges, limited access to care for opportunistic infections, the absence of needs-based HIV differentiated service delivery (DSD), physical and digital bullying, exclusion from policy discourse, and a dearth of tailored programming. The impending reduction in foreign aid presents a substantial threat to the sustainability of MSM-focused programs, further exacerbating these existing vulnerabilities and hindering access to essential health services.
The World Health Organization (WHO) advocates for the creation of inclusive, non-discriminatory environments that safeguard the rights and dignity of MSM. Central to this approach is the integration of MSM-specific interventions into national and global health policies, ensuring sustainable and equitable access to healthcare. By prioritizing the reduction of stigma, the promotion of human rights, and the implementation of targeted health programs, the WHO aims to improve the overall health and well-being of this key population.
